Farmscaping

Asparagus - Asparagaceae Juss.

Insectaries
Insectaries
Cover Crops
Cover Crops
Meadows
Meadows
Hedgerow
Hedgerows

Produce

Asparagus - Asparagus officinalis L.

Pests

  1. Common asparagus beetle - Crioceris duodecimpunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae]
  2. Japanese beetle - Popillia japonica Newman, 1841 [Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae]
  3. Asparagus miner - Ophiomyia simplex (Loew, 1869) [Diptera: Agromyzidae]
  4. Tarnished plant bug - Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois, 1818) [Hemiptera: Miridae]
  5. Green stink bug - Chinavia hilaris Say, 1832 [Hemiptera: Pentatomidae]
  6. Harlequin bug - Murgantia histrionica (Hahn, 1834) [Hemiptera: Pentatomidae]
  7. Saltmarsh caterpillar - Estigmene acrea (Drury, 1773) [Lepidoptera: Erebidae]
  8. Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm - Helicoverpa zea (Boddie, 1850) [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae]

Predators

  1. Myiopharus infernalis Townsend, 1919 [Diptera: Tachinidae] parasitize Common asparagus beetle grubs
  2. Tetrastichus coeruleus (Nees, 1834) [Hymenoptera: Eulophidae] parasitize Common asparagus beetle eggs and grubs
  3. Ground beetles [Coleoptera: Carabidae] predate Common asparagus beetle eggs and grubs
  4. Lady beetles [Coleoptera: Coccinellidae] predate Common asparagus beetle eggs and grubs
  5. Damsel bugs [Hemiptera: Nabidae] predate eCommon asparagus beetle ggs and grubs
  6. Predatory stink bugs [Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae] predate Common asparagus beetle grubs and adults
  7. Assassin bugs [Hemiptera: Reduviidae] predate Common asparagus beetle eggs and grubs
  8. Heterorhabditis Poinar, 1976 spp. [Nematoda] and Steinernema Travassos, 1927 spp. [Nematoda] infect Common asparagus beetle grubs
  9. Entomopathogenic fungi infect Common asparagus beetle grubs
  10. Winsome fly - Istocheta aldrichi (Mesnil, 1953) [Diptera: Tachinidae] parasitize Japanese beetle adults
  11. Tiphia popilliavora Rohwer, 1924 [Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae] parasitize Japanese beetle grubs
  12. Spring tiphia - Tiphia vernalis Rohwer, 1924 [Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae] parasitize Japanese beetle grubs
  13. Ground beetles [Coleoptera: Carabidae] predate Japanese beetle eggs and grubs
  14. Ants [Hymenoptera: Formicidae] predate Japanese beetle eggs and grubs
  15. Insectivorous birds and mammals predate Japanese beetle grubs
  16. Entomopathogenic nematodes [Nematoda] infect Japanese beetle grubs
  17. Milky spore - Paenibacillus popilliae (Dutky, 1940) [Eubacteriales: Bacillaceae] infects Japanese beetle grubs
  18. Dacnusa bathyzona Marshall, 1895 [Hymenoptera: Braconidae] parasitize Asparagus miner maggots
  19. Dacnusa rondani n. sp. [Hymenoptera: Braconidae] parasitize Asparagus miner maggots
  20. Pediobius epigonus (Walker, 1839) [Hymenoptera: Eulophidae] parasitize Asparagus miner maggots
  21. Sphegigaster Spinola, 1811 spp. [Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae] parasitize Asparagus miner maggots
  22. Parasitic flies [Diptera: Tachinidae] parasitize Tarnished plant bug nymphs
  23. Leiophron Nees, 1819 spp. [Hymenoptera: Braconidae] parasitize Tarnished plant bug nymphs and adults
  24. Peristenus Förster, 1862 spp. [Hymenoptera: Braconidae] parasitize Tarnished plant bug nymphs
  25. Anaphes iole Girault, 1911 [Hymenoptera: Mymaridae] parasitize Tarnished plant bug eggs
  26. Minute pirate bugs [Hemiptera: Anthocoridae] predate Tarnished plant bug adults
  27. Big-eyed bugs [Hemiptera: Geocoridae] predate Tarnished plant bug nymphs
  28. Predatory plant bugs [Hemiptera: Miridae] predate Tarnished plant bug nymphs
  29. Damsel bugs [Hemiptera: Nabidae] predate Tarnished plant bug nymphs
  30. Predatory stink bugs [Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae] predate Tarnished plant bug nymphs and adults
  31. Assassin bugs [Hemiptera: Reduviidae] predate Tarnished plant bug nymphs and adults
  32. Ambush bugs [Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Phymatinae] predate Tarnished plant bug nymphs and adults
  33. Lady beetles [Coleoptera: Coccinellidae] predate Tarnished plant bug nymphs
  34. Wolf spiders, Lynx spiders, Jumping spiders, and Crab spiders [Arachnidia: Araneae: Lycosidae, Oxyopidae, Salticidae, Thomisidae] predate Tarnished plant bug nymphs and adults
  35. Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. (1912) [Ascomycota: Cordycipitaceae] infects Tarnished plant bug adults
  36. Trichopoda pennipes (Fabricius, 1781) [Diptera: Tachinidae] parasitize Green stink bug adults
  37. Gymnoclytia Brauer & Berganstamm, 1893 sp. [Diptera: Tachinidae] parasitize Green stink bug adults
  38. Gymnosoma Meigen, 1803 sp. [Diptera: Tachinidae] parasitize Green stink bug adults
  39. Anastatus mirabilis (Walsh and Riley, 1869) [Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae] parasitize Green stink bug eggs
  40. Anastatus pearsalli Ashmead, 1898 [Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae] parasitize Green stink bug eggs
  41. Anastatus reduvii (Howard, 1880) [Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae] parasitize Green stink bug eggs
  42. Trissolcus edessae Fouts, 1920 [Hymenoptera: Platygastridae] parasitize Green stink bug eggs
  43. Trissolcus euschisti Ashmead, 1893 [Hymenoptera: Platygastridae] parasitize Green stink bug eggs
  44. Soldier beetles [Coleoptera: Cantharidae] predate Green stink bug eggs
  45. Lady beetles [Coleoptera: Coccinellidae] predate Green stink bug eggs
  46. Earwigs [Dermaptera] predate Green stink bug adults
  47. Astata unicolor Say, 1824 [Hymenoptera: Crabronidae] predate Green stink bug adults
  48. Bicyrtes quadrifasciatus (Say, 1824) [Hymenoptera: Crabronidae] predate Green stink bug adults
  49. Minute pirate bugs [Hemiptera: Anthocoridae] predate Green stink bug eggs
  50. Big-eyed bugs [Hemiptera: Geocoridae] predate Green stink bug eggs
  51. Predatory stink bugs [Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae] predate Green stink bug adults and eggs
  52. Assassin bugs [Hemiptera: Reduviidae] predate Green stink bug adults
  53. Green lacewings [Neuroptera: Chrysopidae] predate Green stink bug eggs
  54. Crickets, e.g. Snowy tree cricket - Oecanthus fultoni Walker, 1962 [Orthoptera: Gryllidae], predate Green stink bug eggs
  55. Katydids [Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae] predate Green stink bug eggs
  56. Orb weavers [Arachnidia: Araneae: Araneidae] predate Green stink bug adults
  57. Jumping spiders [Arachnidia: Araneae: Salticidae] predate Green stink bug adults
  58. Crab spiders [Arachnidia: Araneae: Thomisidae] predate Green stink bug nymphs and adults
  59. Insectivorous birds predate Green stink bug adults
  60. Entomopathogenic fungi, e.g. Isaria Persoon in Roemer, 1794 sp., Metarhizium Sorokïn, 1879 sp., and Ophiocordyceps (Petch, 1931) spp., infect Green stink bug adults
  61. Ooencyrtus johnsoni (Howard, 1898) [Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae] parasitize Harlequin bug eggs
  62. Telenomus podisi Ashmead, 1893 [Hymenoptera: Platygastridae] parasitize Harlequin bug eggs
  63. Trissolcus murgantiae Ashmead, 1893 [Hymenoptera: Scelionidae] parasitize Harlequin bug eggs
  64. Parasitic flies [Diptera: Tachinidae] parasitize Saltmarsh caterpillar caterpillars
  65. Braconid wasps, Eupelmid wasps, Ichneumon wasps, Pteromalid wasps, Trichogramma wasps [Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Eupelmidae, Ichneumonidae, Pteromalidae, Trichogrammatidae] parasitize Saltmarsh caterpillar eggs or caterpillars
  66. Lady beetles [Coleoptera: Coccinellidae] predate Saltmarsh caterpillar caterpillars
  67. Soft-winged flower beetles [Coleoptera: Melyridae] predate Saltmarsh caterpillar caterpillars
  68. Assassin bugs [Hemiptera: Reduviidae] predate Saltmarsh caterpillar caterpillars
  69. Entomopathogenic viruses infect Saltmarsh caterpillar caterpillars
  70. Archytas marmoratus Townsend, 1915 [Diptera: Tachinidae] parasitize Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm caterpillars
  71. Eucelatoria armigera Coquillett, 1889 [Diptera: Tachinidae] parasitize Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm caterpillars
  72. Trichogramma Riley, 1871 spp. [Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae] parasitize Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm eggs
  73. Cotesia Cameron, 1891 spp. [Hymenoptera: Braconidae] parasitize Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm caterpillars
  74. Microplitis croceipes (Cresson, 1872) [Hymenoptera: Braconidae] parasitize Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm caterpillars
  75. Campoletis Förster, 1869 spp. [Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae] parasitize Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm caterpillars
  76. Telenomus Haliday, 1833 spp. [Hymenoptera: Platygastridae] parasitize Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm eggs
  77. Lady beetles [Coleoptera: Coccinellidae] predate Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm eggs and caterpillars
  78. Collops Erichson, 1840 spp. [Coleoptera: Melyridae] predate Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm eggs and caterpillars
  79. Minute pirate bugs [Hemiptera: Anthocoridae] predate Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm eggs and caterpillars
  80. Big-eyed bugs [Hemiptera: Geocoridae] predate Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm eggs and caterpillars
  81. Green lacewings [Neuroptera: Chrysopidae] predate Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm eggs
  82. Insectivorous birds predate Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm caterpillars
  83. Heterorhabditis Poinar, 1976 spp. [Nematoda] and Steinernema Travassos, 1927 spp. [Nematoda] infect Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm caterpillars
  84. Entomopathogenic fungi infect Corn earworm / Tomato fruitworm caterpillars

Practices

  1. Wooded edges with nectar sources near crop fields conserve Parasitoid wasps, Minute pirate bugs, Predatory plant bugs, Ground beetles, Spiders, and Insectivorous vertebrates
  2. Windbreaks near crop fields shelter Lacewings, Spiders, and Insectivorous vertebrates
  3. Hedgerows of native plants with nectar sources near crop fields conserve Parasitoid wasps, Ambush bugs, Assassin bugs, Big-eyed bugs, Minute pirate bugs, Predatory stink bugs, Predatory crickets and katydids, Ground beetles, Soft-winged flower beetles, Spiders, and Insectivorous vertebrates
  4. Field borders of native wildflowers protected from disturbances conserve Parasitic flies, Ambush bugs, Assassin bugs, Damsel bugs, Predatory plant bugs, Predatory stink bugs, Ground beetles, Lady beetles, Soft-winged flower beetles, Spiders, and Insectivorous vertebrates
  5. Grasslands, meadows, and pastures near crop fields support Damsel bugs, Minute pirate bugs, Predatory crickets and katydids, Lacewings, Ground beetles, Spiders, and Insectivorous vertebrates
  6. Sources of alternate foods when prey is limited sustain Parasitoid wasps, Ambush bugs, Assassin bugs, Big-eyed bugs, Damsel bugs, Minute pirate bugs, Predatory stink bugs, Lady beetles, Soft-winged flower beetles, and Spiders
  7. Perennial plantings of native flowering plants that continually bloom in succession throughout each growing-season feed Parasitoid wasps, Parasitic flies, Minute pirate bugs, Lacewings, Ground beetles, and Lady beetles
  8. Perennial and annual insectaries of flowering plants from the aster, buckwheat, carrot, mint, legume, milkweed, moschatel, rose, and willow families feed Parasitoid wasps, Parasitic flies, Ambush bugs, Assassin bugs, Minute pirate bugs, Lady beetles, Soft-winged flower beetles, and Soldier beetles
  9. Perennial and annual insectaries of plants with extra-floral nectaries feed Parasitoid wasps and Parasitic flies
  10. Rock piles, stone walls, brush piles, dead wood, and snags shelter Earwigs, Lady beetles, Soft-winged flower beetles, Ground beetles, Spiders, and Insectivorous vertebrates
  11. Living groundcovers, bark mulches, or leaf litters shelter Earwigs, Ground beetles, Spiders, and Entomopathogens
  12. Beetle banks shelter Big-eyed bugs, Lacewings, Ground beetles, Lady beetles, Soft-winged flower beetles, Spiders, and Insectivorous vertebrates
  13. Sandy soils with sparse vegetation conserve Predatory crickets and katydids
  14. Cover crops sustain Ambush bugs, Assassin bugs, Ground beetles, Soft-winged flower beetles, Soldier beetles, and Spiders
  15. Diverse crop fields conserve Parasitoid wasps, Damsel bugs, Minute pirate bugs, Insectivorous vertebrates, and Entomopathogens
  16. No-till crop fields support Damsel bugs, Earwigs, Ground beetles, Soldier beetles, Spiders, and Entomopathogens
  17. Organic fertilized crop fields conserve Earwigs, Predatory crickets and katydids, Ground beetles, and Entomopathogens
  18. Pesticide-free crop fields conserve beneficial organisms

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